European Network Remembrance and Solidarity is an international initiative to discuss the 20th-century European #history, #remembrance & #memorystudies
#OTD 1914 the Archduke #FranzFerdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie were shot dead in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip, a young Bosnian Serb, probably associated with the movement called Young Bosnia. It was a spark which caused the outbreak of the #WW1.
#OTD in 1950 a Czechoslovak politician #MiladaHoráková was executed by the communist authorities on a fabricated charges of conspiracy and treason. This date is now a Commemoration Day of Victims of Communism in #Czechia. See our short film about Horáková: piped.kavin.rocks/watch?v=D8qlbH84…
#OTD in 1976 a series of protests and demonstrations in the #PolishPeoplesRepublic took place after Prime Minister #PiotrJaroszewicz revealed the plan for a sudden increase in the price of many basic commodities,particularly food.
📷March of the Workers in Radom/IPN archives.
#OTD in 1948 the #BerlinBlockade began: the Soviets blocked access to all railroads, roads, and canals in the western part of city. The United States and several other countries responded with the massive 'Berlin airlift', supplying West Berlin with food and other provisions.
🇪🇪#Today#Estonia celebrates the Victory Day (Estonian: #Võidupüha). It was first observed in 1934 and marks the victory of Estonia and neighboring Latvia in the Battle of Cēsis in 1919, during the Estonian Liberation War of Independence.
#OTD in 1941 #OperationBarbarossa - code name for the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union - was launched. The failure of German forces to defeat Soviet troops in the campaign was a crucial turning point in the #WW2.
#OTD on the night of 20-21 June, the largest exectution in #Palmiry (Poland) performed by Nazi Germany took place. 378 people were killed, among them deputy-mayor of Warsaw Jan Pohoski, politician Maciej Rataj, champion athlete Janusz Kusociński and many more.
🇵🇱Today #Poland celebrates for the 1st time a new public holiday: National Day of Silesian Uprisings, which commemorates 3 #SilesianUprisings and the anniversary of the incorporation of a part of Upper Silesia to the Republic of Poland in 1922.
#OTD Archbishop of Prague (later cardinal)Josef #Beran was arrested: he was interned from 1949 to 1963 after publicly opposing the new regime in #Czechoslovakia.
Photo source: Detusch Radio.
#OTD in 1953, East Berlin construction workers initiated the #UprisingOf1953. Even after brutal Soviet intervention the demonstrations around the country were still ongoing. Until reunification 17 June was the national holiday of West Germany.
Read more:
enrs.eu/news/uprising-of-195…
#OTD in 1958 #ImreNagy, Hungarian statesman and prime minister of the 1956 revolutionary government, was executed by the Soviets. Exactly 31 years later, he was rehabilitated by Hungary’s Supreme Court and reburied with full honours.
📷Fortepan adományozó TM, CC BY-SA 3.0.
#OTD in 1977, #Spain held democratic Parliament elections for the first time after the Franco dictatorship (1939-1975).
📷People waiting to vote in Toledo/De Magica, CC BY-SA 3.0.
#OTD in 1940 the first transport with 728 prisoners arrived at #AuschwitzConcentrationCamp. This date is now commemorated in Poland as the National Remembrance Day for the Victims of the Nazi German Concentration and Death Camps.
enrs.eu/article/first-transp…
An Versöhnung wagt im gegenwärtigen Krieg noch niemand zu denken. Und doch wird sie irgendwann zum Thema werden. Wie demokratische Gesellschaften mit Gewaltkonflikten umgehen – und woran sie scheitern. trib.al/wz2x8xm#Ukrainekrieg